The management of refractory hepatic hydrothorax is challenging and usually unsuccessful. The study will discuss the perioperative treatment, effectiveness, and morphology of diaphragmatic defects of hepatic hydrothorax in thoracoscopic mesh repair. Risk factors associated with increased three-month mortality in these critically ill patients will be studied.
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AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
one-month mortality
Timeframe: one month
three-month mortality
Timeframe: three month