Doxorubicin Hydrochloride and Cyclophosphamide Followed by Paclitaxel With or Without Carboplatin in Treating Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Inclusion Criteria: * The patient must have signed and dated an institutional review board (IRB)-approved consent form that conforms to federal and institutional guidelines * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 * The tumor must be unilateral invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast on histologic examination * All of the following staging criteria (according to the 7th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer \[AJCC\] Cancer Staging Manual) must be met: * By pathologic evaluation, primary tumor must be pT1-3 * By pathologic evaluation, ipsilateral nodes must be pN0, pN1 (pN1mi, pN1a, pN1b, pN1c), pN2a, pN2b, pN3a, or pN3b * If pN0, pathological tumor must be greater than or equal to 3.0 cm * The tumor must have been determined to be human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative as follows: * Immunohistochemistry (IHC) 0-1+; or * IHC 2+ and in situ hybridization (ISH) non-amplified with a ratio of HER2 to centromere enumerator probe 17 (CEP17) less than 2.0, and if reported, average HER2 gene copy number less than 4 signals/cells; or * ISH non-amplified with a ratio of HER2 to CEP17 less than 2.0, and if reported, average HER2 gene copy number less than 4 signals/cells * The tumor must have estrogen receptor (ER)-and progesterone receptor (PgR)-status assessed using current American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines; patients are eligible if the tumor staining …