Characterizing the Gut Microbiota Alteration Associated With Severe Acute Malnutrition

Inclusion criteria: * Children aged 0-59 months of varying nutritional status from Niamey (Niger) and Dakar (Senegal). Exclusion Criteria: * Absence of parent or patient consent, antibiotic administration \<2 months before stool collection and insufficient fecal amount. Exclusion criteria for controls included any form of malnutrition, presence of fever, acute respiratory infection (cough), acute or chronic diarrhea in the previous 4 weeks. Symptoms and complications of malnutrition (cough, fever, diarrhoea, vomiting) nor other form of malnutrition (moderate to severe stunting and underweight) were not a reason of exclusion for cases since they are considered as direct consequence and part of severe acute malnutrition.