Aim/ Objective: Study consists of 2 separate and distinct entities A. Evaluation of the efficacy of 2% cyclosporine in preventing graft rejection in primary grafts w/o high risk characteristics study 1 (PKP study) B. Evaluation of the efficacy of 2% cyclosporine in preventing graft rejection in therapeutic keratoplasty- study 2(TKP study) Materials \& Methods: In both arms Patients requiring keratoplasty, above the age of 18 whom satisfactorily meet The inclusion criteria are different for each study Eligible candidates will be enrolled after signing an Informed Consent form Patients will be randomized into one of 2 groups * Only on topical steroids group A * On topical steroids + 2% cyclosporine Group B Study design: Prospective, randomized non-blinded study at a single centre. Methodology In both arms 1\. Schedule of topical steroid administration : 6 times for 2 weeks; 5 times for 2 weeks; 4 times for a month; 3 times for a month, and, subsequently twice-a-day until 1 year is completed Systemic steroids may be administered in the initial 2 weeks at the discretion of the investigators. (For all patients with fungal keratitis topical steroids can preferrably be administered only after 2 weeks post keratoplasty.) Until then voveran ophtha may be used 3\. Patients randomized to receive 2% cyclosporine will receive the same 3 times a day for 2years 4\. All patients will be followed for a minimum period of 2 years 5\. Follow up schedule - at 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, then every 3 months until 2 years are completed 6\. All episodes of graft rejection will be treated as per accepted norms and the patient will no longer follow the standardized protocol for steroid administration
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graft rejection
Timeframe: 5 years