Mismatched Donor Cells to Treat Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Recipient Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥ 18 years (no upper age limit, but physician discretion is advised) * AML that is refractory to 2 courses of induction therapy (that together constitute the 'first-line' therapy) or that has relapsed after a period of morphologic complete remission or morphologic remission with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) * Candidacy for intense induction chemotherapy (ECOG 0-2, adequate renal, liver and cardiac function, absence of uncontrolled infections) * Availability of parents, siblings or children who are HLA haploidentical (and not homozygous for the shared haplotype), who are deemed suitable donors after medical evaluation, and who complete peripheral blood mononuclear cell collection * No history of autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplant, purine analog chemotherapy or cyclophosphamide, or total body irradiation * Ability to comprehend the investigational nature of the study and provide informed consent Recipient Exclusion Criteria: * Acute promyelocytic leukemia (including those with non-classical rearrangements of RARα) * History of severe myelodysplastic syndrome clearly preceding the diagnosis of AML (i.e., red cell transfusion dependence or erythropoietin dependence over a 4-month period, or in the absence of a clear cause, any of the following: hemoglobin consistently below 9 g/dL or platelets below 50 x 10\^9/L or ANC below 1000/uL on 2 or more occasions 2 weeks apart, or use of G-CSF to maintain the ANC threshold in the…