Acute pain management is challenging in patients after spinal fusions, particularly since most have taken analgesics for prolonged periods before choosing the surgical alternative. Many of these patients are either preoperatively or become after surgery narcotic dependent. In addition, the narcotic based anesthetic required for the procedure, may induce a postoperative hyper-analgesia which may be partially responsible for the acute postoperative pain which is refractory to traditional doses of narcotics. Both the persistent nociceptive and neuropathic pain which these patients experience and narcotic-induced hyper-analgesia is mediated via non-conventional neural pathways. It is for these reasons, that in these patients postoperative pain is refractory to narcotic treatment. Postoperative pain in this situation is best managed using a multimodal approach. This technique allows the application of a number of treatment modalities which maximize pain reduction and minimize treatment side effects. Pregabalin (Lyrica) has been shown to be effective in the treatment of neuropathic pain. Pregabalin has a similar mechanism of action as gabapentin. Notably it has a rapid consistent absorption, linear pharmacokinetics, and a low potential for pharmacokinetic drug interactions. Hence, pregabalin should be a beneficial addition to the multi-modal pain regimen after spinal surgery; particularly in narcotic tolerant patients who respond poorly to conventional narcotic analgesics after surgery.
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Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) Hydromorphone Usage
Timeframe: Postoperative day 1