Internal Hernias After Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass

Inclusion Criteria: * patient status post primary laparoscopic standard RYGB surgery who underwent internal hernia reduction and repair with any or the combination of the following: * closure of synchronous mesocolic or mesenteric space defects without incarcerated bowel * conversion to open (laparotomy) * small bowel resection with or without reversal * status post primary laparoscopic standard RYGB surgery with incidental finding of internal hernia space defect with or without bowel through the defect Exclusion Criteria: * any other type of re-operative surgery after primary standard RYGB * patient age \< 18 years * missing records and/or unreachable patients with scant information for analysis