The purpose of this study is to determine whether labor self-efficacy (as determined by scores for the Lederman PSEQ II (self-efficacy scores) impacts the second stage 2 length (nromal vs. prolonged) as determined by quartile ranges for our sample. Other studies have shown that women who experience intense pain in the earliest stages of labor have a higher risk of complications. The investigators want to know if negative thoughts can predict this outcome.
Age range
18 Years – 45 Years
Sex
FEMALE
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Relationship between pain catastrophizing and abnormal labor (deviation of progress in labor from norms)
Timeframe: Immediate postpartum