Bilateral Refractive Amblyopia Treatment Study

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 3 to \<11 years * Able to perform single-surrounded single optotype visual acuity using the ATS HOTV protocol for children 3 to \<7 years old and using the E-ETDRS protocol for children 7 to \<11 years old * Monocular visual acuity in each eye, measured using trial frames or phoropter with best correction derived from cycloplegic refraction, meeting the following criteria: * Using E-ETDRS testing for patients age 7 to \<11 years: visual acuity 20 to 70 letters (20/40 to 20/400) * Using ATS HOTV testing for patients age 3 to \<7 years acuity 20/50 to 20/400 * Refractive error that meets at least one of the following criteria in each eye: * Spherical equivalent \>+4.00 D * Astigmatism \>2.00 D * Investigator believes that the patient's reduced visual acuity is due to bilateral, refractive amblyopia * Investigator not planning to prescribe occlusion, patching or any other amblyopia treatment other than spectacles at this time * Cycloplegic refraction and ocular examination within 2 months prior to enrollment Exclusion Criteria: * Myopia greater than -6.00 D of spherical power in plus cylinder form * Ocular cause for decreased acuity in either eye; nystagmus per se will not exclude a patient from the study * Refractive correction (spectacles or contact lenses) in past three months and no more than one month of refractive correction ever * Prior treatment for amblyopia (other than the refractive correction permitted in previous exclusion criteria) * Pr…