Thulium Laser Enucleation With Bladder Neck Incision for Small-Volume Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Inclusion Criteria: * Male patients aged 40-80 years. * Diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and scheduled to undergo surgical treatment. * International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of at least 12, maximum urinary flow rate of no more than 15 mL/s, with a voided volume greater than 150 mL. * Prostate volume of less than 30 mL measured by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), calculated as length × width × height × 0.52. * Ability, as assessed by the investigator, to understand the study requirements and complete the scheduled treatment, follow-up visits, and study-related assessments. Exclusion Criteria: * Inability or refusal to provide written informed consent, or inability to comply with the required follow-up schedule. * Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of 10 ng/mL or higher, unless prostate cancer has been excluded by biopsy. * Confirmed or suspected prostate or bladder malignancy. * Pre-existing bladder neck contracture or urethral stricture before surgery. * Known coagulation disorder or abnormal coagulation function. * Neurogenic bladder or detrusor underactivity that may affect bladder or urethral sphincter function. * Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) complicated by acute urinary tract infection, acute prostatitis, or bacterial prostatitis. * History of prostate surgery, urethral stricture, or neurogenic bladder. * History of prostate cancer or pelvic radiotherapy. * Severe cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, or other systemic disease that, in …