Diaphragmatic Breathing Training in Chronic Spinal Pain

Plain-language summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether adding breathing training to an exercise program can improve pain, mood, and thinking skills in adults with chronic spinal pain. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does adding breathing training lower pain and its impact on daily life? * Does it improve symptoms of anxiety and depression? * Does it improve thinking skills, such as attention and mental flexibility? Researchers will compare three groups to see if adding breathing training provides additional benefits: * a group that performs exercise only * a group that performs exercise combined with breathing training * a group that receives general advice only Participants will: * take part in a 12-week program * attend one supervised session each week * complete two home-based (unsupervised) exercise sessions each week (about 30 minutes each) Participants in the combined group will also: * learn breathing techniques during supervised sessions using biofeedback (a method that provides real-time feedback on breathing patterns) * practice breathing exercises at home four times per week (about 10 minutes each) without biofeedback support

Who can participate

What they're measuring

Trial details