Investigators collected tissue and plasma samples from patients with benign pulmonary nodules and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples were obtained from these patients using a breath condenser. Differential metabolites were identified in samples from 22 NSCLC patients and 20 benign controls using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics.
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Untargeted metabolomics
Timeframe: 2022-2026