pBFS Guided Neuromodulation Over DMPFC for ASD Treatment: Pilot Study

Inclusion Criteria: * 6-30 years old * Have the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder * ADOS-2 score is higher than the ASD cut-offs * Have language development delay (the WISC-4 Verbal Comprehension Index lower than 70) * Capacity to follow the study procedures, including fMRI scan under sedation, assessment, and rehabilitation training * Participant's parents or other legal guardians give informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Current or history of psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder * Severe self-injury or suicidal behavior presented in the last 1 year * Severe visual, auditory, or motor disability that interferes with any study procedure * Current, history or family history of epilepsy * Known severe physical diseases, such as congenital heart defect, traumatic brain injury * Metal implantations, which are contradicted by MRI or TMS, such as artificial cardiac pacemakers, stents, cochlear implants * Received TMS, tCS, FUS, or other neuromodulation treatment in the last 3 months * Currently participating in other clinical trials