Head-forward posture (FHP) is one of the most common postural disorders and is increasing worldwide. Most studies examining FHP have focused on the relationship between craniovertebral angle (CVA) and cervical muscle thickness. However, FHP is a postural disorder that affects the entire musculoskeletal system, not just the cervical region. It creates a chain of adaptations in the body, generating both local and global effects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between postural changes triggered by CVA and the thickness of the trapezius, splenius capitis, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, multifidus, sternocleidomastoid (SCM), transversus abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO), gluteus maximus, tibialis anterior, rectus femoris, and gastrocnemius (GK) medial muscles, as measured by ultrasonography (USG), since postural changes triggered by CVA can affect the spine, hips, and lower extremities. If this relationship can be confirmed, this information could be used as a basis for evaluating abnormal posture.
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Cervical extensor muscle thickness measurement
Timeframe: baseline, at the time of clinical assessment
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle thickness measurement
Timeframe: baseline, at the time of clinical assessment
Abdominal muscle thickness measurement
Timeframe: baseline, at the time of clinical assessment
Gluteus maximus muscle thickness measurement
Timeframe: baseline, at the time of clinical assessment
Rectus femoris (RF) muscle thickness measurement
Timeframe: baseline, at the time of clinical assessment
Gastrocnemius medialis(GC) muscle thickness measurement
Timeframe: baseline, at the time of clinical assessment
Tibialis anterior (TA) muscle thickness measurement
Timeframe: baseline, at the time of clinical assessment