This prospective multicenter observational study will validate the accuracy of a previously developed artificial intelligence-enabled single-lead electrocardiogram (AI-ECG) model for identifying low ejection fraction and other structural heart disease phenotypes. Adult participants receiving a model-compatible single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) (Apple Watch and QOCA ECG102D) and transthoracic echocardiography at five hospitals in Taiwan will be enrolled between March 1, 2026 and June 30, 2026. Model predictions will be compared with echocardiographic reference standards obtained within 30 days after the index ECG.
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Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve for Detection of Low Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
Timeframe: 30 days
Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, and Negative Predictive Value for Low EF Detection at the Pre-specified Operating Threshold
Timeframe: 30 days