The goal of this study is to learn how a standard treatment called Scaling and Root Planing (SRP) affects specific biochemical markers in people with advanced gum disease (periodontitis). Periodontitis is a chronic condition that can lead to tooth loss. The main focus is to investigate a marker called Glycoprotein Non-Metastatic B (GPNMB). This is the first study to examine GPNMB levels in both the serum and the gingival crevicular fluid of people with this condition. The study aims to answer these main questions: How do GPNMB levels change after the Scaling and Root Planing treatment? How does GPNMB relate to other markers that control bone health and healing, such as TGF-β1, RANKL, and Osteoprotegerin? Researchers will compare 28 participants with advanced gum disease (Stage III Grade B/C) to 28 participants with healthy gums to see how these markers differ. Participants in the gum disease group will: Provide samples for laboratory analysis at the start of the study. Receive the standard mechanical treatment of their teeth and roots (Scaling and Root Planing). Return for follow-up visits 6 weeks and 3 months after treatment to provide new samples and have their gum health checked.
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Change in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) Glycoprotein Non-Metastatic B (GPNMB) Concentration
Timeframe: Baseline, 6 weeks, and 3 months post-treatment.
Change in Serum Glycoprotein Non-Metastatic B (GPNMB) Concentration
Timeframe: Baseline, 6 weeks post-treatment, and 3 months post-treatment.
Change in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Ligand (RANKL) Concentration
Timeframe: Baseline (before treatment), 6 weeks post-treatment, and 3 months post-treatment.
Change in Serum Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Ligand (RANKL) Concentration
Timeframe: Baseline (before treatment), 6 weeks post-treatment, and 3 months post-treatment.
Change in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) Osteoprotegerin (OPG) Concentration
Timeframe: Baseline (before treatment), 6 weeks post-treatment, and 3 months post-treatment.
Change in Serum Osteoprotegerin (OPG) Concentration
Timeframe: Baseline (before treatment), 6 weeks post-treatment, and 3 months post-treatment.
Change in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) Concentration
Timeframe: Baseline (before treatment), 6 weeks post-treatment, and 3 months post-treatment.
Change in Serum Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) Concentration
Timeframe: Baseline (before treatment), 6 weeks post-treatment, and 3 months post-treatment.