The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of metabolic markers (HOMA-IR, triglyceride/HDL ratio, HbA1c, waist and hip circumference measurements, BMI, etc.) on pain and central sensitization in patients diagnosed with lipedema. The primary objective is to investigate the association between metabolic markers and central sensitization. The secondary objective is to assess the relationship between metabolic markers and pain intensity, pain phenotype, and functional status.
Who can participate
Age range18 Years
SexFEMALE
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Inclusion Criteria:
* Being female and aged 18 years or older
* Having chronic pain persisting for at least 3 months
* Having sufficient cognitive ability to understand and respond to the assessment scales used in the study
* Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study and providing written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
* Presence of a history of malignancy, active infection, inflammatory rheumatic disease, or severe systemic disease
* History of known neurological disorders (e.g., stroke, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy)
* Diagnosis of severe psychiatric disorders (e.g., psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder)
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding
* Presence of cognitive impairment or communication difficulties that could affect the study results
* Diagnosed diabetes mellitus
* Active thyroid disease (uncontrolled hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism)
* Cushing's syndrome or other significant endocrine disorders
* Use of antidiabetic medications
* Use of lipid-lowering therapy (e.g., statins, fibrates)
* Systemic glucocorticoid use within the past 3 months
* Use of medications that may significantly affect central pain mechanisms (e.g., high-dose opioids, antipsychotic drugs)
* History of major surgery or invasive treatment for pain within the past 3 months