The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of an acupuncture-first stepped care pathway for pain management in adults aged 18 years and older receiving routine outpatient clinical care for non-cancer-related pain conditions. The primary purpose is to describe episode-based clinical outcomes and care utilization patterns as they occur in standard practice. The main questions it aims to answer are: * What proportion of completed pain episodes achieve a clinically meaningful improvement, defined as a ≥50% reduction in pain intensity (Numeric Rating Scale or Visual Analog Scale) within an episode treatment window of up to 8 acupuncture visits? * What are the visit utilization patterns, time to clinically meaningful improvement, and care escalation patterns within an acupuncture-first stepped care pathway in routine outpatient practice? There is no comparison group. This study does not introduce or test a new intervention. All care is delivered as part of standard clinical practice. Participants will: * Receive acupuncture treatment as part of routine outpatient care * Undergo routine pain assessments (NRS/VAS) at each clinical visit * Participate in standard clinical follow-up as determined by usual care practices No additional research-specific visits, procedures, questionnaires, or interventions are introduced. Data analyzed in this study are derived from routine clinical documentation systems and are de-identified prior to analysis.
Age range
18 Years
Sex
ALL
See this in plain English?
AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.
Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.
The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.
A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.
Proportion of Pain Episodes Achieving Clinically Meaningful Improvement
Timeframe: From baseline (initial visit) through episode closure, up to 12 weeks (maximum of 8 visits)