Combat-related extremity trauma frequently results in persistent pain, including neuropathic, residual limb, and phantom limb pain. The kinematics of injury-including energy level, direction of force, and dominant force components-may independently predict tissue deformation, nerve stress, and the transition from acute to chronic- pain. This prospective observational cohort study will assess whether kinematics-only variables predict chronic pain outcomes after combat-related upper and lower limb injuries. Pain outcomes will include pain intensity, pain extent (surface/area), neuropathic pain features, and mechanical pain sensitivity measured using von Frey filaments.
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Chronic limb pain at 3 months
Timeframe: Assessed at 3 months (90 days ± 14 days) after injury Pain assessment will be conducted during the scheduled 3-month follow-up visit (between Day 76 and Day 104 post-injury).