Predictive Score in Patients With Hematological Malignancies Colonized by Multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Inclusion criteria * Patients admitted to Hematology departments with hematological diseases, including: myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myeloproliferative leukemias, lymphomas, or other hematological disorders. * Patients scheduled to receive treatment for their underlying hematological disease, including myeloablative/cytotoxic chemotherapy, conditioning chemotherapy for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (autologous, allogeneic, or other types), lymphodepleting chemotherapy for CAR-T cell therapy, and/or other treatments expected to induce neutropenia. * Patients expected to develop neutropenia (neutrophil count \< 0.5 \\times 10\^9/L, or \< 1.0 \\times 10\^9/L when predicted to fall below 0.5 \\times 10\^9/L within the next 48 hours) in the coming days. * Those who have signed the informed consent form. * Participation in another study is permitted, provided it is observational and does not influence the potential colonization status. Exclusion criteria * Psychiatric disorder or inability to understand or follow the protocol instructions. * Terminally ill patients or those with an estimated life expectancy of less than 30 days. * Previous enrollment in the study. * Known prior colonization by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). * Physician's discretion: The patient's attending physician prefers not to i…