This study will evaluate the effects of a multi-strain postbiotic supplement on markers of inflammation, immune function, gastrointestinal symptoms, psychological well-being, and intestinal permeability in healthy adults. The primary objective is to determine whether four weeks of postbiotic supplementation alters physiological and perceptual responses to a standardized bout of moderate-to-high intensity exercise compared with placebo. Approximately 50 healthy men and women aged 18 to 55 years will be enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either a multi-strain postbiotic supplement or a matched placebo for 28 days. At the end of the supplementation period, participants will complete a 45-minute treadmill exercise bout at 75% of their individually determined maximum heart rate. Blood samples will be collected to assess biomarkers of inflammation, immune activity, and recovery. Gastrointestinal symptoms, intestinal permeability, anxiety, and perceived recovery will be evaluated using validated questionnaires. This study is designed to determine whether postbiotic supplementation modulates physiological stress responses and subjective well-being following prolonged exercise in healthy adults.
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Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Timeframe: Serum IL-6 concentrations will be measured using multiplex bead-based assays to assess the inflammatory response to a standardized 45-minute treadmill exercise bout following 28 days of supplementation.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α)
Timeframe: Serum TNF-α concentrations will be measured using multiplex bead-based assays to assess exercise-induced inflammatory responses following supplementation.
Interleukin-10 (IL-10)
Timeframe: Serum IL-10 concentrations will be measured to assess anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory responses to exercise following supplementation.
Perceived Recovery Scale (PRS)
Timeframe: Baseline, pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, 1-hour post-exercise, 3-hours post-exercise, and 24-hours post-exercise