C-reactive Protein & Albumin Ratio IN AKI

Plain-language summary

Acute pancreatitis (AP), defined as acute inflammation of the pancreas, it's one of the most common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract leading to hospital admission.(1) The global incidence of AP is reported between 20 and 40 cases per 100,000 individuals, with an increasing trend over recent decades. (2) Its severity ranges from mild self-limited disease to severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis characterized by systemic complications and multi-organ failure. AKI is a frequent complication of severe acute pancreatitis, usually after the failure of other organs. (3) The aetiology of AP can be readily established in most patients. The most common causes include gallstones (40%-70%) and alcohol (25%-35%), medications as 6-mercaptopurine and azathioprine clearly can cause AP, infectious agents, and metabolic causes such as hypercalcemia and hypertriglyceridemia are rare causes (4) Acute kidney injury (AKI), affects approximately 15% of AP patients increasing to 69% in severe AP cases. AKI not only worsens the clinical status of AP patients but also significantly increases mortality risk and the likelihood of progressing to chronic kidney disease (CKD. Therefore, the challenge of early AKI identification and timely therapeutic intervention in AP patients remains critical. (2) Albumin (ALB), a negative acute-phase reactant synthesized by the liver, constitutes 40% to 60% of total plasma protein and decreases during inflammation. (5) Serum CRP refers to a positive acute phase reactant synthesized by the liver and its level in the blood elevates within hours as a response to inflammation and infection and it can be applied in follow-up owing to the short half-life, easy measurement, as well as the close association with prognosis of the disease. (6) We aimed to assess the Correlation between C-Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio (CAR) and Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis (AP) as a cost-effective, easily accessible, and reproducible prognostic biomarkers for inflammation obtained from standard blood tests.

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