This study aims to investigate the interactive effects of two core stability training strategies-abdominal drawing-in manoeuvre (ADIM) and Dynamic Neuromusculoskeletal Stabilization abdominal expansion (DNS-AE)-and two instructional approaches (verbal cueing and manual facilitation) on training outcomes in individuals with chronic non-specific low back pain. A 2Ă—2 factorial randomized controlled trial design will be employed. Ninety-six participants with chronic non-specific low back pain will be randomly allocated, using block randomization, to one of four intervention groups in equal proportions. All groups will receive a 4-week intervention program, with training conducted twice per week. Outcome measures will be assessed at four time points: before the intervention (baseline), immediately after the first training session, at the completion of the 4-week intervention, and at a 3-month follow-up, to evaluate short-term and mid-term effects as well as the sustainability of training outcomes.
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Pain intensity
Timeframe: At baseline, after the first week of intervention, and at the end of the 4-week intervention.
Movement control performance
Timeframe: At baseline, after the first week of intervention, and at the end of the 4-week intervention.