Clinical Research on the Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of JHG002 Therapy for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 19 to 69 years at the time of signing the informed consent. * Individuals who have experienced low back pain for ≥6 months, presenting with either continuous or intermittent symptoms. * Participants with a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score ≥ 5 for low back pain at screening. * Individuals who fully understand the clinical trial procedures and voluntarily agree to participate by providing written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients diagnosed with serious underlying conditions that may cause low back pain, such as spinal metastasis of malignancy, acute vertebral fracture, or spinal dislocation. * Patients with progressive neurological deficits or those presenting with severe neurological symptoms. * Patients whose pain originates from non-spinal soft tissue disorders, including tumors, fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, or gout. * Individuals with other chronic medical conditions that may interfere with treatment response or interpretation of study outcomes, such as stroke, myocardial infarction, chronic kidney disease, diabetic neuropathy, dementia, or epilepsy. * Individuals currently taking corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, psychiatric medications, or any other drugs that may influence study results.\* * Patients for whom pharmacopuncture is inappropriate or unsafe, including those with bleeding disorders or those receiving anticoagulant therapy. * Individuals who have taken analgesic medications such as NSAIDs or received…