Relationship Between Periodontal Disease and Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Inclusion Criteria: * Female patients aged 40 years and older in the postmenopausal period, * Individuals diagnosed with osteoporosis or healthy individuals without osteoporosis, as determined by DXA testing of the hip or spine, * Individuals who had been postmenopausal for ≥6 months and had not received hormone replacement therapy, * Patients who did not smoke or consume alcohol, * Female patients who were periodontally healthy or diagnosed with Stage 2-3, Grade A periodontitis Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with chronic renal and hepatic insufficiency; malignant diseases such as diabetes mellitus, leukemia, multiple myeloma, and widespread carcinoma; chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis; and those using drugs that may affect bone metabolism (glucocorticoids, heparin, methotrexate, anticonvulsants), * Those who had received antibiotic therapy in the previous 3 months or any medication for osteoporosis treatment, * Patients who had undergone surgical or non-surgical periodontal treatment within the previous 6 months, * Patients who did not wish to continue participation in the study at the midpoint or at the end of the study.