Evaluation of Postoperative Pain After Using Resin-Based and Bioceramic Sealers in Mandibular Molars With Asymptomatic Apical Periodontitis

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients aged 18 years or older with adequate oral hygiene. * Teeth with no previous endodontic or restorative treatment. * Teeth that do not respond to cold test and electric pulp test during vitality assessment. * Teeth that are asymptomatic prior to treatment. * Mandibular first or second molar teeth with complete root development. * No bleeding observed in the pulp chamber after caries removal. * Teeth with a Periapical Index (PAI) score of 3 or less. * Patients who have not used antibiotics within the last 1 month. * Patients who have not used analgesics within the last 72 hours. Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of systemic diseases that may affect healing (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes, immunosuppression). * Pregnancy or breastfeeding. * Teeth with a history of trauma, resorption, or previous endodontic access. * Teeth with root canal calcifications or anatomical abnormalities preventing standard instrumentation. * Presence of sinus tract, swelling, or acute apical abscess. * Teeth with a Periapical Index (PAI) score greater than 3. * Patients taking medications that may alter pain perception (e.g., corticosteroids, neuropathic pain medications). * Patients unable to comply with follow-up pain recordings. * Patients with known allergy to any materials used in the study (e.g., sodium hypochlorite, sealers).