The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate an investigational ultralow dose positron emission tomography (PET imaging) technique for increased bone turnover that is found in diseases such as cancer, trauma, infection, arthritis, and other benign diseases of bone detection and monitoring. The main question it aims to answer is: Can the investigators optimize the timing, scan duration, and image reconstruction to reduce the radiation dose 10-100 fold of the current clinical standard? Participants will be injected with a radioactive tracer called Fluorine-18 (18F)-sodium fluoride (NaF) and be imaged on a new type of high sensitivity PET scanner for up to 3 hours.
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Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
Timeframe: Evaluated annually (once per year), based on pooled images acquired during the preceding 12-month period.
Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR)
Timeframe: Evaluated annually (once per year), based on pooled images acquired during the preceding 12-month period.
Coefficient of Variation (COV)
Timeframe: Evaluated annually (once per year), based on pooled images acquired during the preceding 12-month period.
Spatial Resolution (Full Width at Half Maximum - FWHM)
Timeframe: Evaluated annually (once per year), based on pooled images acquired during the preceding 12-month period.
Target-to-Background Ratio (TBR)
Timeframe: Evaluated annually (once per year), based on pooled images acquired during the preceding 12-month period.
Qualitative Image Quality Score (Likert Scale)
Timeframe: Evaluated annually (once per year), based on pooled images acquired during the preceding 12-month period.
Inter-reader Agreement (Weighted Kappa Statistics)
Timeframe: Evaluated annually (once per year), based on pooled images acquired during the preceding 12-month period.