This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of diabetic foot exercises on peripheral vascular status among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Peripheral artery disease is a common complication of diabetes and contributes to reduced mobility and increased risk of ulcers, ischemia, and amputation. Early identification and non-pharmacological interventions such as structured lower extremity exercises may help improve peripheral circulation. In this study, 44 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving diabetic foot exercises or a control group performing regular physical activity of similar frequency and duration. The exercise protocol used in the intervention group was adapted from the Joslin Diabetes Center and included balance, strengthening, and ankle-foot mobility exercises. The intervention lasted for 3 months. Peripheral vascular status was assessed using the ankle-brachial index (ABI) measured with a Doppler device at baseline and after 3 months. The study found that participants in the intervention group demonstrated a significant improvement in ABI values compared with the control group, indicating enhanced lower-limb blood flow. This trial provides evidence that diabetic foot exercises are a simple, low-cost, and feasible intervention to improve peripheral vascular circulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly in settings with limited resources.
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Change in Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)
Timeframe: Baseline and 3 months after intervention