Comprehensive Toileting Program

Inclusion Criteria * Age 5 to 12 * Diagnosis of an intellectual or developmental delay (excluding individuals with ADHD alone) * Encopresis (more than 1 incontinent BM a week) * Required for pre-randomization phase only: Enuresis (\> 1 incontinent urination per day when on a consistent toileting sit schedule) * At least one caregiver who speaks and understands English Exclusion Criteria: * Unresolved medical condition that would impede toilet training (e.g., interference with sphincter control, short gut syndrome, urinary tract or gastrointestinal infection, unexplained diarrhea, recent intestinal surgery, inflammatory bowel disease) * Failed intensive toileting treatment in the past 2 yrs with protocols akin to study * Current serious behavioral or psychiatric disorder that requires another treatment * Current or planned other intervention (behavioral or medical) for incontinence