Serum Trace Element Levels in Some Gynecological Diseases

Inclusion Criteria: * Not having received chemotherapy, radiotherapy or immunotherapy in the last three months * For the endometriosis group: histopathologically or laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis * For the ovarian cancer group: histopathologically confirmed epithelial ovarian cancer * For the endometrial cancer group: histopathologically confirmed endometrial adenocarcinoma * For the control group: healthy individuals who underwent surgery for benign gynecological causes (e.g., myoma, benign cyst) and who were not diagnosed with malignancy/endometriosis Exclusion Criteria: * Chronic systemic diseases (e.g., chronic renal failure, liver disease, severe cardiac disease) * Diseases that may affect metabolism or trace element levels (e.g., Wilson's disease, hemochromatosis) * Use of dietary supplements containing minerals or trace elements within the past 6 months * Environmental or occupational heavy metal exposure (e.g., mining, metallurgy, battery industry workers) * Pregnancy or breastfeeding * History of acute infection or inflammatory disease * History of recurrent surgery or advanced metastatic cancer (as this may alter serum parameters) * Psychiatric or cognitive disorders that preclude participation in the study