This prospective randomized single-blind study evaluated the safety and efficacy of combining dexmedetomidine nasal spray with propofol for ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography) sedation in eligible patients aged 18-70 years undergoing elective procedures. The primary objectives were to determine: 1) whether this regimen reduced intraoperative hypoxemia (decreased blood oxygen levels), decreased propofol dosage, and improved postoperative recovery quality; 2) to assess nasal administration safety and identify potential medical issues (e.g., abnormal blood pressure or bradycardia) compared to intravenous injection and control group protocols. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: ① nasal spray group (preoperative nasal spray of dexmedetomidine + propofol), ② intravenous group (preoperative intravenous injection of dexmedetomidine + propofol), ③ and conventional group (propofol alone).
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Incidence of intraoperative hypoxemia
Timeframe: From the start of the surgery to 1 hour after the surgery