This prospective observational study investigates whether routine pre-sedation isotonic fluid replacement and the passage of the endoscope into the duodenum acutely affect intraocular pressure (IOP) in adult patients undergoing diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. A non-contact tonometer is used to measure IOP at four predefined time points: baseline, after pre-sedation fluid replacement, after sedoanalgesia, and immediately following duodenal intubation. Hemodynamic parameters, oxygen saturation, and sedative doses are also recorded. The primary aim is to determine changes in IOP during the procedure, while secondary outcomes include the relationship between hemodynamic fluctuations, sedative requirements, and IOP changes. The findings are expected to provide insights into the safety of endoscopy with respect to ocular physiology, particularly in patients at risk of increased intraocular pressure.
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Change in Intraocular Pressure (IOP)
Timeframe: During the procedure (baseline, after fluid replacement, after sedoanalgesia, and immediately after duodenal intubation; total duration ≈ 30 minutes)