This study aims to evaluate the effector function and expression of TIGIT and PD-1 on Tregs, as well as the Th2/Treg ratio, in patients with allergic conjunctivitis with and without desensitization therapy, compared to healthy controls. Peripheral blood and tear samples will be collected once at enrollment. Treg and Th2 populations will be immunophenotyped, TIGIT and PD-1 expression assessed, and functional assays performed. Cytokine and antibody (IgE, IgG4) concentrations will be measured in serum and tears. Results will be analyzed using descriptive statistics, Shapiro-Wilk test for distribution, t-tests or ANOVA for group comparisons, and correlation analyses for associations, with p\<0.05 considered significant. This study seeks to identify immunological markers associated with disease severity and treatment response, potentially informing future therapeutic strategies.
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To evaluate the effector function and the expression of TIGIT and PD-1 molecules on regulatory T cells, as well as the Th2/Treg, in patients with allergic conjunctivitis with and without allergen-specific immunotherapy, and in healthy control subjects.
Timeframe: At baseline (single assessment at enrollment in all study and control groups)
Proportion of Treg and Th2 lymphocytes and Th2/Treg ratio in peripheral blood
Timeframe: At baseline (single assessment at enrollment in all study and control groups)
Cytokine profile associated with Treg and Th2 lymphocytes in serum and tears
Timeframe: At baseline (single assessment at enrollment in all study and control groups)
Effector function of Treg lymphocytes assessed by TIGIT and PD-1 expression and functional assays.
Timeframe: At baseline (single assessment at enrollment in all study and control groups)
MarĂa del CarmĂ©n JimĂ©nez MartĂnez