Efficacy of Bioactive Glass vs. Xenograft in Maxillary Sinus Augmentation

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients requiring maxillary sinus floor augmentation for dental implant placement. * Residual alveolar bone height ≤ 4 mm in posterior maxilla (SA4 classification). * Age between 20 to 65 years. * Good general health and able to attend scheduled follow-up visits. * Signed written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of systemic conditions that could affect bone healing (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes, osteoporosis). History of radiotherapy in the head and neck region. * Heavy smoking (more than 10 cigarettes/day). * Active sinus pathology or previous sinus surgery. * Pregnant or breastfeeding women. * Use of medications affecting bone metabolism (e.g., bisphosphonates or corticosteroids). * Poor oral hygiene or untreated periodontal disease.