CompletedNot Applicable

Family and Peer Influences on Nicotine Dependence in Medical Students of South Punjab

Pakistan366 participantsStarted 2025-05-13

Plain-language summary

The goal of this cross-sectional observational study is to assess the impact of family functioning and peer pressure on nicotine dependence in medical students enrolled at medical colleges in South Punjab, Pakistan (both male and female; aged 18 and older). The main questions it aims to answer are: Does family dysfunction contribute to higher nicotine dependence in medical students? Does peer pressure intensify the effect of family dysfunction on nicotine dependence? Are there gender or academic year differences in smoking status and peer pressure? If there is a comparison group: Researchers will compare students from functional families vs. dysfunctional families to see if nicotine dependence differs, especially under the influence of peer pressure. Participants will: Complete a structured, self-administered questionnaire which includes: The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) to assess nicotine addiction severity. The Family Assessment Device-General Functioning (FAD-GF) to evaluate family functioning. The Peer Pressure Scale to identify direct and indirect peer pressure. Provide demographic information (age, gender, year of study, smoking status) for descriptive and comparative analyses.

Who can participate

Age range

18 Years

Sex

ALL

See this in plain English?

AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.

Inclusion Criteria: * Medical students currently enrolled in public or private medical colleges in South Punjab, Pakistan * Aged 18 years or older * Voluntarily consent to participate in the study Exclusion Criteria: * Refusal to provide informed consent * Absence or unavailability at the time of data collection * Incomplete questionnaire or failure to complete the questionnaire

Questions worth asking your doctor

Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.

1Based on my diagnosis and history, is this trial worth exploring for me — or is there a standard treatment we should try first?
2What does this trial's phase tell us about how much is already known about its safety and benefit?
3What would taking part actually involve for me — visits, tests, time, and travel?
4What are the known and possible risks or side effects I should weigh, and how would they be monitored?
5If this trial isn't the right fit, what other options or trials would you suggest I look into?

Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.

Questions for the trial coordinator

The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.

1What does taking part actually involve week to week — how many visits, where, and how long does each one take?
2What costs are covered by the study, and what might I have to pay for myself, including travel, parking, or time off work?
3What happens during screening, and what happens if the study team confirms I don't meet the criteria after those tests?
4Who pays for the scans, blood work, and other tests the trial requires — the study, my insurance, or me?
5How will being in the trial affect my regular care, and will my own doctor stay informed and involved?
6Can I leave the trial at any point if I change my mind, and what would happen to my care if I do?

A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.

What they're measuring

Nicotine Dependence Score as assessed by the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)

Timeframe: Day 1

Trial details

NCT IDNCT07123389

SponsorNishtar Medical University

Sponsor typeOTHER

Study typeOBSERVATIONAL

Primary completion2025-07-02

View on ClinicalTrials.gov More Nicotine Dependence trials