In 2019, Indonesia's first WHO Tricycle Project revealed alarming rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli across various sectors. The study found ESBL-producing E. coli in 40% of pregnant women, 57.7% of E. coli-induced bloodstream infections, 67.1% of broiler chicken, and 12.8% of total E. coli in water samples. In the first National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance from Indonesia, the reduction of ESBL was identified as a clear goal. In E-Trike, Tricycle will be repeated, using the same methodology, to determine if a reduction has been achieved. Additionally, ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae will be included, as important pathogen for humans.
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Number of pregnant women in the community in Jakarta that carry ESBL-positive E. coli / Klebsiella pneumoniae in their rectum or throat
Timeframe: July 2025-March 2026
Number of ESBL-positive E. coli/K. pneumoniae among all blood cultures taken / all E. coli/K. pneumoniae from blood cultures
Timeframe: July 2025 - March 2026
Prevalence of ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp in the food chain (chicken) in Jakarta, Indonesia
Timeframe: July 2025 - March 2026
Prevalence of ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp in the environment (water) in Jakarta, Indonesia
Timeframe: July 2025 - March 2026
Juliëtte A. Severin, MD PhD