In 2019, Indonesia's first WHO Tricycle Project revealed alarming rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli across various sectors. The study found ESBL-producing E. coli in 40% of pregnant women, 57.7% of E. coli-induced bloodstream infections, 67.1% of broiler chicken, and 12.8% of total E. coli in water samples. In the first National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance from Indonesia, the reduction of ESBL was identified as a clear goal. In E-Trike, Tricycle will be repeated, using the same methodology, to determine if a reduction has been achieved. Additionally, ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae will be included, as important pathogen for humans.
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AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.
Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.
The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.
A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.
Number of pregnant women in the community in Jakarta that carry ESBL-positive E. coli / Klebsiella pneumoniae in their rectum or throat
Timeframe: July 2025-March 2026
Number of ESBL-positive E. coli/K. pneumoniae among all blood cultures taken / all E. coli/K. pneumoniae from blood cultures
Timeframe: July 2025 - March 2026
Prevalence of ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp in the food chain (chicken) in Jakarta, Indonesia
Timeframe: July 2025 - March 2026
Prevalence of ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp in the environment (water) in Jakarta, Indonesia
Timeframe: July 2025 - March 2026
Juliëtte A. Severin, MD PhD