Post-surgical Functional Results in Patients With Epiretinal Membrane Undergoing Controlled Macular Detachment

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients over 18 years of age. * Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of ERM grade III or IV by Optical Coherence Tomography who present visual disturbances such as metamorphopsia or visual impairment (measured in letters on the ETDRS scale) but who do not reflect end-stage visual impairment. * Patients suitable for vitreoretinal surgical procedures, with no uncontrolled medical comorbidities that contraindicate surgery. * Patients who understand the objectives and risks of the study and sign an informed consent form. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of grade III or IV ERM by Optical Coherence Tomography who do not have the ability to improve their visual acuity. * Patients diagnosed with ocular pathologies that significantly affect their visual acuity, such as moderate or advanced glaucoma, non-glaucomatous optic neuropathies, or optic media opacities such as leukomas, significant corneal edema, or other maculopathies such as macular atrophy or macular ischemia.