The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether low-flow anesthesia reduces perioperative atelectasis compared to normal-flow anesthesia in adults undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does low-flow anesthesia result in a smaller increase in lung ultrasound score from baseline to postoperative hour 1? Does low-flow anesthesia result in better preservation of pulmonary function at postoperative hour 48? Researchers will compare low-flow anesthesia (fresh gas flow 0.5 L/min) to normal-flow anesthesia (fresh gas flow 2 L/min) to see if low-flow anesthesia reduces the extent of perioperative atelectasis as measured by lung ultrasound. Participants will: Be randomly assigned to receive either low-flow or normal-flow inhalational anesthesia with sevoflurane during surgery Undergo lung ultrasound assessments before surgery and at postoperative hours 1 and 24 Undergo spirometric testing one day before surgery and at postoperative hour 48
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Change in modified Lung Ultrasound Score from baseline to postoperative hour 1 (ĪmLUSSāā)
Timeframe: 1 hour after arrival to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU)