Spinal anaesthesia is an excellent choice of numerous operating procedures. This is due to its effectiveness, rapid onset of action, easy to implement, patient stayed awake, and minimal drug cost.(1) It is also beneficial for patients with chronic airway disorders, reducing the risk of pulmonary aspiration and vomiting in patients with full stomach, as well as its fewer adverse effects, and speedy patient turnover. (2,1) In lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries, spinal anaesthesia is still the primary option. (3) The resultant nerve block is sufficient for patient welfare, while motor block eases the surgeon's work. Moreover, it grants efficient pain relief in the early post-operative period. (2) Yet, postoperative analgesia is a most important dilemma. (4) Thus, additional pain control is essential after spinal anaesthesia effect fades. Consequently, effective analgesia is crucial to accelerate rehabilitation and return to proper functional ability. Post-operative analgesia can be accomplished by numerous approaches specifically systemic opioid and non-opioid, local wound infiltration and peripheral nerve blocks, each approach have its own advantages and drawbacks.
Age range
20 Years – 60 Years
Sex
ALL
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evaluate postoperative effect of using intrathecal dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to heavy bupivacaine in vascular lower limb surgeries on pain intensity.
Timeframe: 7 hours
evaluate postoperative effect of using intrathecal dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to heavy bupivacaine in vascular lower limb surgeries on analgesic requirements
Timeframe: 7 hours
evaluate postoperative effect of using intrathecal dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to heavy bupivacaine in vascular lower limb surgeries on shivering. Remove
Timeframe: 7 hours