A Study to Investigate Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of AZD4248 in Healthy Participants and Participants With Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes and to Assess Home Measurements of Creatinine in a Non Interventional Cohort

Key Inclusion Criteria: \- Healthy participants with suitable veins for cannulation or repeated venipuncture. Parts A and B: * Have a body mass index (BMI) between 18 and 30 kilograms per millimeter (kg/m2), inclusive. * For Chinese participants (Part A2): participants are to be Chinese, defined as having both parents and 4 grandparents who are Chinese. This includes second and third generation participants of Chinese descent whose parents or grandparents are living in a country other than China. * For Japanese participants (Part B2): participants are to be Japanese, defined as having both parents and 4 grandparents who are Japanese. This includes second and third generation participants of Japanese descent whose parents or grandparents are living in a country other than Japan. Part C: * Have a BMI between 20 and 35 kg/m2, inclusive. * Have a diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). * Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) of ≤ 10.5%. * Participants are required to be on a stable dose of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) for at least 6 weeks prior to Visit 1 and throughout the Screening Period. In addition, participants should be on stable doses of all other medication for ≥ 6 weeks before Screening. Part D: * Have a BMI between 20 and 35 kg/m2, inclusive. * Have a diagnosis of DKD as defined by a) diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) b) eGFR values and c) urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) values. * HbA1c of ≤ 10.5%. * Partici…