The goal of this observational study is to learn if two specific heart electrical signal patterns can help in detecting the risk of dangerous heart rhythms in athletes, and to see if exercise-based tests can be used instead of invasive hospital procedures to record this electrical signals. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Can special ECG action potential duration markers (R2I2 and PERS) identify athletes who are at higher risk of sudden heart rhythm problems. 2. Can an exercise test give the same information as a non-invasive electrophysiology study. Researchers will compare athletes who have an implanted heart device (ICD) with athletes who do not, to see if there are differences in these heart signals. Participants will undergo: 1. ECG recordings during rest and exercise. 2. If they have an ICD or pacemaker, an ECG will be recorded during a non invasive stimulation. 3. A continuous 24 hour ECG.
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Change in Restitution Markers as Determined by R2I2 and PERS
Timeframe: The primary outcome measure is assessment of changes in the regional restitution instability index and peak ECG restitution slope at various time points including, baseline, during 15-minute exercise and during 15-minute electrophysiology study.