The standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer is neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision. While Immune checkpoint inhibitors are promising in the treatment of various cancers, the combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy still lacks high-level evidence-based medicine, and the efficacy is still limited in rectal cancer. Thus, we designed a study on the efficacy and safety of intestinal microbiota transplantation combined with synchronous radiochemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor xindilimab neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.
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pathologic complete response rate
Timeframe: Up to 12 weeks
Overall Survival
Timeframe: Three years after the end of treatment
R0 resection rate
Timeframe: During the surgery
Tumor regression grading
Timeframe: During the surgery
Completion rate of neoadjuvant therapy
Timeframe: Up to 6 weeks
Event free survival rate
Timeframe: Three years after the end of treatment
Disease-free survival rate
Timeframe: Three years after the end of treatment