Mindfulness-based Neurofeedback to Reduce Negative Thinking in CHARMS Adolescents

Inclusion Criteria: * Ages 14-21, inclusive * Recurrent negative thinking, defined as PTQ-C (\<18 years) or PTQ (18 years or older) total score \>30 and at least two questions scored 3 or 4. * Able to understand study procedures, read, and write in English * If age is 18 years or older: Competent and willing to provide written informed consent * If age is less than 18 years: Competent and willing to provide written informed assent AND have a parent/legal guardian who is competent and willing to provide written informed consent * Access to a mobile device to complete daily survey assessments Exclusion Criteria: * Any of the following lifetime mental health disorders by DSM-V criteria: psychotic disorders, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, developmental disorder (e.g., autism), post-traumatic stress disorder, or eating disorder * Substance use disorder, moderate or severe in past six months. * Unstable medical or neurologic condition, epilepsy or seizure disorder, head injury, loss of consciousness \>5 minutes * MRI contraindications (i.e. presence of ferromagnetic implants, cardiac pacemaker or pacemaker wires, metallic particles in the body, vascular clips in the head or previous neurosurgery, prosthetic heart valves, magnetic dental implants claustrophobia). * Visual, auditory, or cognitive impairment (IQ\<80 based on the Wechsler Abbreviated Intelligence Scale (WASI)) that may make it difficult to participate. * Any cond…