Background: Cognitive impairment is prevalent among older adults and frequently misdiagnosed or diagnosed late, increasingly drawing attention as a significant health issue in aging populations. Compared to community-dwelling individuals, cognitive impairments are more common among residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs). These facilities face challenges implementing organized exercise programs due to a shortage of professional caregivers and limited resources. Additionally, older adults may lose interest in repetitive interventions over time. "WarioWare: Move It!" by Nintendo, a novel exergame that combines aerobic exercise, body coordination, balance training, and cognitive tasks, provides an immersive experience to enhance motivation and reduce staff intervention, presenting a potential solution. Methods: The randomized controlled trial was conducted across multiple rural LTCFs in Shanxi Province, involving participants aged 65 and older. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (receiving the "WarioWare: Move It!" intervention) or the control group (receiving standard care). The intervention involved motion-sensing actions and postures (such as waving, jumping, arm swinging, rotating, and mimicking object movements) using the Joy-Con controllers for 60 minutes twice a week over 12 weeks. Primary outcome measures were derived from a battery of clinical tests, including the Sit and Reach test (the distance between the hands and toes when reaching forward), Shoulder Flexibility test (the distance between hands clasped behind the back), Trunk Rotation Flexibility test (the angle of the waist rotation to each side), Shoulder Range of Motion test (the angles of shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction), Elbow Range of Motion test (the angle of elbow flexion), Figure-of-Eight Walk test (completion time), Standing Balance test (balance duration), Hand Dexterity test (the number of blocks moved by the dominant hand in one minute), and Cognitive Function tests (e.g., Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument, the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment). Statistical analysis was performed using mixed ANOVA, with time as the within-subject factor and intervention group as the between-subject factor, to assess the training effects on the various outcome measures. Anticipated benefits: The intervention involving \*WarioWare: Move It!\* holds promise for enhancing physical flexibility, joint mobility, motor coordination, hand dexterity, and cognitive function among elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment or dementia residing in rural care centers. This innovative and practical approach offers a viable solution for promoting health among older adults in resource-limited settings, demonstrating significant potential for broader application in similar environments.
Age range
65 Years – 90 Years
Sex
ALL
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Sit and Reach test
Timeframe: The initial assessment occurred at baseline prior to randomization. Subsequent evaluations were conducted at the end of 12 weeks (post-test) and six months after the intervention concluded (after 6 months).
Shoulder Flexibility test
Timeframe: The initial assessment occurred at baseline prior to randomization. Subsequent evaluations were conducted at the end of 12 weeks (post-test) and six months after the intervention concluded (after 6 months).
Trunk Rotation Flexibility test
Timeframe: The initial assessment occurred at baseline prior to randomization. Subsequent evaluations were conducted at the end of 12 weeks (post-test) and six months after the intervention concluded (after 6 months).
Shoulder range of motion test
Timeframe: The initial assessment occurred at baseline prior to randomization. Subsequent evaluations were conducted at the end of 12 weeks (post-test) and six months after the intervention concluded (after 6 months).
Elbow range of motion test
Timeframe: The initial assessment occurred at baseline prior to randomization. Subsequent evaluations were conducted at the end of 12 weeks (post-test) and six months after the intervention concluded (after 6 months).
Figure of eight walk test
Timeframe: The initial assessment occurred at baseline prior to randomization. Subsequent evaluations were conducted at the end of 12 weeks (post-test) and six months after the intervention concluded (after 6 months).
Standing balance test
Timeframe: The initial assessment occurred at baseline prior to randomization. Subsequent evaluations were conducted at the end of 12 weeks (post-test) and six months after the intervention concluded (after 6 months).
Box and block test
Timeframe: The initial assessment occurred at baseline prior to randomization. Subsequent evaluations were conducted at the end of 12 weeks (post-test) and six months after the intervention concluded (after 6 months).
Cognitive abilities screening instrument
Timeframe: The initial assessment occurred at baseline prior to randomization. Subsequent evaluations were conducted at the end of 12 weeks (post-test) and six months after the intervention concluded (after 6 months).
Chinese version of the mini-mental state examination scale
Timeframe: The initial assessment occurred at baseline prior to randomization. Subsequent evaluations were conducted at the end of 12 weeks (post-test) and six months after the intervention concluded (after 6 months).
Chinese version of the montreal cognitive assessment scale
Timeframe: The initial assessment occurred at baseline prior to randomization. Subsequent evaluations were conducted at the end of 12 weeks (post-test) and six months after the intervention concluded (after 6 months).