Extreme Capsule Electrical Stimulation for Drug-resistant Focal Epilepsy

Inclusion Criteria: * Participants are between the ages of 14 -65 years of age * Diagnosis of drug-resistant epilepsy follows the standard of resistance to regular medication treatment for at least two years. Comprehensive preoperative epilepsy assessment, combined with individualized fiber tracking, is used to determine whether the epileptogenic zone is located in cortex regions structurally connected to the extreme capsule. * Persistence of disabling seizures at least 3 times per month or greater, * Informed consent signed. Exclusion Criteria: * Structural alterations are present in the extreme capsule. * Diagnosed with generalized or hereditary epilepsy with ion channel gene mutations; * Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures within 12 months; * Presence of implanted electrical stimulation medical device anywhere in the body (e.g., pacemaker, spinal cord stimulator, responsive neurostimulation) or any metallic implants in the head (e.g., aneurysm clips, cochlear implants). Note: Vagal nerve stimulators are allowed if the parameter remains stable for at least 3 months prior to the screening visit; * Risk factors that would put the participant at risk for intraoperative or postoperative bleeding. (e.g., coagulation abnormalities, etc.) or the need for chronic anticoagulation or antiplatelet aggregation medications; * IQ \< 55 or severe cognitive dysfunction, unable to complete the study; * Diagnosed with a progressive neurological disorder (including progressive Rasmussen's e…