Smartphone Addiction and Isometric Strength of Rotator Cuff Muscles

Exclusion criteria

• ✕. They had any medical condition that could cause shoulder pain (such as impingement, subacromial bursitis, rotator cuff damage, or traumatic or degenerative supraspinatus tendonitis).
• ✕. Anyone with a positive Neer sign, a positive Hawkins sign, discomfort during shoulder elevation, pain at the location of the rotator cuff tendon, pain with resisted isometric shoulder abduction, or a history of pain in the C5 dermatome will be ruled out.
• ✕. Any individual who had previously suffered a musculoskeletal injury or surgery that could have influenced the measurement will be also eliminated.