Patients under general anesthesia who are unconscious and have stopped spontaneous breathing are actively ventilated with anesthesia machines, ensuring the anesthesia gas reaches the lungs and then the bloodstream. Not all the gas reaching the lungs during respiration is used; a small portion is absorbed by the body, and most of it is expelled during exhalation. After eliminating the carbon dioxide in the expired gas, it is more suitable to re-breathe the remaining gas. The portion taken by the patient needs to be provided for the next breath, and this added gas is called "fresh gas flow." Today, low flow anesthesia is defined when the fresh gas flow rate is 0.5-1 L/min, minimal flow anesthesia when it is 0.25-0.5 L/min, and metabolic flow anesthesia when it is 0.25 L/min. Our study will evaluate the effects of minimal flow anesthesia, which is widely used today due to its advantages, on oxidative stress and neuroendocrine stress response
Age range
18 Years – 65 Years
Sex
ALL
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The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.
A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) level
Timeframe: Just before surgery begins, postoperative 6th hour and postoperative 18th hour
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) level
Timeframe: Just before surgery begins, postoperative 6th hour and postoperative 18th hour
Cortisol level
Timeframe: Just before surgery begins, postoperative 6th hour and postoperative 18th hour
Total oxidative status (TOS) Level
Timeframe: Just before surgery begins, end of surgery, postoperative 6th hour and postoperative 18th hour
Total antioxidative status( TAS) Level
Timeframe: Just before surgery begins, end of surgery, postoperative 6th hour and postoperative 18th hour