Extreme heat events are a significant global threat to health and wellbeing, and result in more morbidity and mortality than all other natural disasters combined. Thus, a key priority is identifying effective and accessible heat resilience solutions to protect individuals from the potentially fatal consequences of heat stress. Within a range of ambient conditions, a fan has been recognized a low-cost heat resilience solution. However, when ambient temperatures exceed skin temperatures (e.g., above 35°C), a fan will incur greater dry heat gain which may be counterbalanced with evaporation of sweat from the skin surface. However, at a critical indoor temperature, the rate of heat gain will exceed the rate of evaporation resulting in net heat gain. The critical indoor temperature has yet to be determined. The purpose of this present study is to identify the indoor temperature at which a fan results in greater cardiovascular and thermal strain relative to still air in young adults using a simulated heat wave scenario of a warming room.
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Blood Pressure
Timeframe: At baseline (e.g. 0 minutes), and every 10 minutes of exposure up to 180 minutes
Rate Pressure Product
Timeframe: At baseline (e.g. 0 minutes), and every 10 minutes of exposure up to 180 minutes
Heart Rate
Timeframe: At baseline (e.g. 0 minutes), and every minute for the 180 minute experimental trial
Skin Temperature
Timeframe: At baseline (e.g. 0 minutes), and every minute for the 180 minute experimental trial
Core Temperature
Timeframe: At baseline (e.g. 0 minutes), and every minute for the 180 minute experimental trial
Whole-Body Sweat Rate
Timeframe: At baseline (e.g. 0 minutes), and every minute for the 180 minute experimental trial