Immunotherapy has become the main treatment recommendation for HCC. MWA treatment induces peripheral immune response, which may enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy for advanced HCC. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of ICIs combined with MWA compared to ICIs alone. The study will compare two groups: ICIs and ICIs+MWA. Main objectives: OS, PFS Secondary objectives: CR PR、SD、PD、ORR、DCR、AEs This study addresses the efficacy and safety of using ICIs in combination with MWA compared to ICIs alone for advanced HCC patients. The investigators' study aims to evaluate the necessity of immunotherapy combined with targeted drugs or microwave ablation in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in the real world, providing relevant clinical data for the treatment selection of HCC patients.
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Progression-Free Survival (PFS)
Timeframe: Progression-Free Survival was assessed from the date of treatment initiation until the date of first documented disease progression or death from any cause, whichever occurred first, assessed up to 24 months.
Overall Survival (OS)
Timeframe: Overall Survival was measured from the date of treatment initiation until death from any cause or patients who were still alive at the last follow-up were censored at that time point, assessed up to 36 months.