Effect of L. Plantarum Probiotic Supplementation on Broccoli Sulforaphane Bioavailability: Randomised Double-blind Placebo-controlled Crossover Study

Inclusion Criteria: * healthy adults (male and female) * age range of 18-65 years * BMI range of 18-30 kg/m2 Exclusion Criteria: * have been on a course of antibiotics within the period of the past 3 months. * have allergies or intolerance towards probiotic substances or broccoli used in the study and/or food intolerances associated with gastrointestinal upset. * have been taking pre- or probiotics supplements regularly during the last month prior (this does not include foods containing probiotics and/or prebiotics foods) * are following any restricting diet (e.g., vegan, FODMAP, etc.). * have a gastrointestinal inflammatory condition (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel diseases, coeliac diseases, constipation, etc.). * have a medical condition or take medication for any heart, endocrine, or metabolic condition, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, insulin resistance, or diabetes, or autoimmune disease. * are a pregnant and/or breastfeeding.